Relationship between cognitive reserve (education), social cognition and negative symptoms
Background: Negative symptoms (NS) are a core feature of schizophrenia spectrum disorders, yet their rela- tionship with cognitive reserve (defined by educational attainment) and social cognition remains underexplored. This study examined whether education predicts NS and whether this relationship i...
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| Formato: | article |
| Idioma: | inglês |
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2025
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| Acesso em linha: | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/54044 |
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| _version_ | 1868890080822689792 |
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| author | Lema Spinelli, Sebastián |
| author2 | Rodríguez-Testal, Juan Francisco Cabana Fajardo, Álvaro J. Romano Fuzul, Sandra Gómez Sena, Leonel Francisco |
| author2_role | author author author author |
| author_browse | Cabana Fajardo, Álvaro J. Gómez Sena, Leonel Francisco Lema Spinelli, Sebastián Rodríguez-Testal, Juan Francisco Romano Fuzul, Sandra |
| author_facet | Lema Spinelli, Sebastián Rodríguez-Testal, Juan Francisco Cabana Fajardo, Álvaro J. Romano Fuzul, Sandra Gómez Sena, Leonel Francisco |
| author_role | author |
| collection | COLIBRI |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv | Lema Spinelli Sebastián, Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Medicina. Rodríguez-Testal Juan Francisco Cabana Fajardo Álvaro J., Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Psicología. Romano Fuzul Sandra, Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Medicina. Gómez Sena Leonel Francisco, Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Ciencias. Instituto de Biología. |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Lema Spinelli, Sebastián Rodríguez-Testal, Juan Francisco Cabana Fajardo, Álvaro J. Romano Fuzul, Sandra Gómez Sena, Leonel Francisco |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2025 2026-03-23T16:05:01Z 2026-03-23T16:05:01Z |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | 8 h application/pdf |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | Lema Spinelli, S, Rodríguez-Testal, J, Cabana Fajardo, Á [y otros autores]. "Relationship between cognitive reserve (education), social cognition and negative symptoms". Schizophrenia Research: Cognition. [en línea] 2025, 42: 100379. 8 h. DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100379 2215-0013 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/54044 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100379 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv | en eng |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Elsevier |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | Schizophrenia Research: Cognition, 2025, 42: 100379. |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Licencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND 4.0) |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv | reponame:COLIBRI instname:Universidad de la República instacron:Universidad de la República |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Cognitive reserve Social cognition Negative symptoms Schizophrenia Psychosis Mediation analysis Regression analysis |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Relationship between cognitive reserve (education), social cognition and negative symptoms |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| description | Background: Negative symptoms (NS) are a core feature of schizophrenia spectrum disorders, yet their rela- tionship with cognitive reserve (defined by educational attainment) and social cognition remains underexplored. This study examined whether education predicts NS and whether this relationship is mediated by social cognition, specifically emotional or inferential theory of mind Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) vs. the Hinting Test. Methods: A mediation model and multiple regression analysis were conducted within an ex-post-facto, cross- sectional design. The sample included 144 participants: 69 diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 75 healthy controls. Women comprised 52.8 % of the sample, with a mean age of 42.67 years (SD = 15.88). The average years of formal education were 8.37 (SD = 2.77) in the patient group and 8.62 (SD = 3.66) in the control group. Results: The mediation model explained 67.57 % of the variance in NS, with age as a covariate. RMET showed a significant indirect effect (d = 0.22) in predicting NS, while HT did not (d = 0.12). In the patient group, multiple regression analysis explained 69.2 % of the variance, with education emerging as a significant predictor of NS. Conclusions: Education, as an indicator of cognitive reserve, significantly predicts NS. This relationship is mediated by social cognition, with differential effects depending on the specific type of social cognition, either within the patient group or across the entire sample. These findings highlight the importance of cognitive reserve and social cognition in understanding and potentially mitigating NS in schizophrenia. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| id | anni_65da1eb055a6a5ea1cc10d14ea6aa4ef |
| identifier_str_mv | Lema Spinelli, S, Rodríguez-Testal, J, Cabana Fajardo, Á [y otros autores]. "Relationship between cognitive reserve (education), social cognition and negative symptoms". Schizophrenia Research: Cognition. [en línea] 2025, 42: 100379. 8 h. DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100379 2215-0013 10.1016/j.scog.2025.100379 |
| instacron_str | Universidad de la República |
| institution | Universidad de la República |
| instname_str | Universidad de la República |
| language | eng |
| language_invalid_str_mv | en |
| network_acronym_str | anni |
| network_name_str | oai-lr-anni |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:colibri.udelar.edu.uy:20.500.12008/54044 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Elsevier |
| reponame_str | COLIBRI |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | Licencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND 4.0) |
| spelling | Relationship between cognitive reserve (education), social cognition and negative symptomsLema Spinelli, SebastiánRodríguez-Testal, Juan FranciscoCabana Fajardo, Álvaro J.Romano Fuzul, SandraGómez Sena, Leonel FranciscoCognitive reserveSocial cognitionNegative symptomsSchizophreniaPsychosisMediation analysisRegression analysisBackground: Negative symptoms (NS) are a core feature of schizophrenia spectrum disorders, yet their rela- tionship with cognitive reserve (defined by educational attainment) and social cognition remains underexplored. This study examined whether education predicts NS and whether this relationship is mediated by social cognition, specifically emotional or inferential theory of mind Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) vs. the Hinting Test. Methods: A mediation model and multiple regression analysis were conducted within an ex-post-facto, cross- sectional design. The sample included 144 participants: 69 diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 75 healthy controls. Women comprised 52.8 % of the sample, with a mean age of 42.67 years (SD = 15.88). The average years of formal education were 8.37 (SD = 2.77) in the patient group and 8.62 (SD = 3.66) in the control group. Results: The mediation model explained 67.57 % of the variance in NS, with age as a covariate. RMET showed a significant indirect effect (d = 0.22) in predicting NS, while HT did not (d = 0.12). In the patient group, multiple regression analysis explained 69.2 % of the variance, with education emerging as a significant predictor of NS. Conclusions: Education, as an indicator of cognitive reserve, significantly predicts NS. This relationship is mediated by social cognition, with differential effects depending on the specific type of social cognition, either within the patient group or across the entire sample. These findings highlight the importance of cognitive reserve and social cognition in understanding and potentially mitigating NS in schizophrenia.ElsevierLema Spinelli Sebastián, Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Medicina.Rodríguez-Testal Juan FranciscoCabana Fajardo Álvaro J., Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Psicología.Romano Fuzul Sandra, Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Medicina.Gómez Sena Leonel Francisco, Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Ciencias. Instituto de Biología.2026-03-23T16:05:01Z2026-03-23T16:05:01Z2025Artículoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion8 happlication/pdfLema Spinelli, S, Rodríguez-Testal, J, Cabana Fajardo, Á [y otros autores]. "Relationship between cognitive reserve (education), social cognition and negative symptoms". Schizophrenia Research: Cognition. [en línea] 2025, 42: 100379. 8 h. DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2025.1003792215-0013https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/5404410.1016/j.scog.2025.100379reponame:COLIBRIinstname:Universidad de la Repúblicainstacron:Universidad de la RepúblicaenengSchizophrenia Research: Cognition, 2025, 42: 100379.Las obras depositadas en el Repositorio se rigen por la Ordenanza de los Derechos de la Propiedad Intelectual de la Universidad de la República.(Res. Nº 91 de C.D.C. de 8/III/1994 – D.O. 7/IV/1994) y por la Ordenanza del Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de la República (Res. Nº 16 de C.D.C. de 07/10/2014)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessLicencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND 4.0)oai:colibri.udelar.edu.uy:20.500.12008/540442026-04-14T10:11:00Z |
| spellingShingle | Relationship between cognitive reserve (education), social cognition and negative symptoms Lema Spinelli, Sebastián Cognitive reserve Social cognition Negative symptoms Schizophrenia Psychosis Mediation analysis Regression analysis |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Relationship between cognitive reserve (education), social cognition and negative symptoms |
| title_full | Relationship between cognitive reserve (education), social cognition and negative symptoms |
| title_fullStr | Relationship between cognitive reserve (education), social cognition and negative symptoms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationship between cognitive reserve (education), social cognition and negative symptoms |
| title_short | Relationship between cognitive reserve (education), social cognition and negative symptoms |
| title_sort | Relationship between cognitive reserve (education), social cognition and negative symptoms |
| topic | Cognitive reserve Social cognition Negative symptoms Schizophrenia Psychosis Mediation analysis Regression analysis |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/54044 |