Investigating Tensile & Impact Properties of Recycled Polypropylene, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyamide & Polyethylene
Although Pakistan has an abundance of natural resources, it also faces a significant challenge with plastic waste, producing 3.3 million tons annually. This environmental issue demands immediate action, especially due to the increased demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) during the pandemi...
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2025
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| On-line přístup: | http://revistas.um.edu.uy/index.php/ingenieria/article/view/1728 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12806/2784 |
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| author | Abbas Jafri , Eylia |
| author2 | Shazad , Atif Asif , Ifrah Ahmed Hashmi , Arqam Nadeem Abdullah, Umer |
| author2_role | author author author author |
| author_browse | Abbas Jafri , Eylia Ahmed Hashmi , Arqam Asif , Ifrah Nadeem Abdullah, Umer Shazad , Atif |
| author_facet | Abbas Jafri , Eylia Shazad , Atif Asif , Ifrah Ahmed Hashmi , Arqam Nadeem Abdullah, Umer |
| author_role | author |
| collection | REDUM |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Abbas Jafri , Eylia Shazad , Atif Asif , Ifrah Ahmed Hashmi , Arqam Nadeem Abdullah, Umer |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-12-09 2025-12-22T22:50:54Z 2025-12-22T22:50:54Z |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | application/pdf text/html |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | http://revistas.um.edu.uy/index.php/ingenieria/article/view/1728 10.36561/ING.29.6 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12806/2784 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv | eng |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Universidad de Montevideo |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | http://revistas.um.edu.uy/index.php/ingenieria/article/view/1728/2038 http://revistas.um.edu.uy/index.php/ingenieria/article/view/1728/2039 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Atribución 4.0 Internacional |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv | Memoria Investigaciones en Ingeniería; No. 29 (2025); 74-94 Memoria Investigaciones en Ingeniería; Núm. 29 (2025); 74-94 Memoria Investigaciones en Ingenieria; n. 29 (2025); 74-94 2301-1106 2301-1092 10.36561/ING.29 reponame:REDUM instname:Universidad de Montevideo instacron:Universidad de Montevideo |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Sostenibilidad ambiental Termoplásticos Elastómeros Comportamiento mecánico Conservación de recursos Aplicaciones tecnológicas Environmental sustainability Thermoplastics Mechanical Behaviors Elastomers Resource Conservation Technological applications Sustentabilidade ambiental Termoplásticos Elastômeros Comportamento mecânico Conservação de recursos Aplicações tecnológicas |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Investigating Tensile & Impact Properties of Recycled Polypropylene, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyamide & Polyethylene Investigación de las propiedades de tracción e impacto del polipropileno, cloruro de polivinilo, poliamida y polietileno reciclados Investigação das propriedades de tração e impacto de polipropileno, cloreto de polivinila, poliamida e polietileno reciclados |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer reviewed articles Artículos evaluados por pares Artigos revistos por pares publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| description | Although Pakistan has an abundance of natural resources, it also faces a significant challenge with plastic waste, producing 3.3 million tons annually. This environmental issue demands immediate action, especially due to the increased demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) during the pandemic. Our research aims to make thermoplastics more environmentally friendly by focusing on the properties of recycled polypropylene (PP) enhanced with elastomers and calcium carbonate. Despite a modest loss in tensile properties and impact strength, recycled PP retains key characteristics. Adding calcium carbonate notably increases density, from 908 kg/m³ for stabilized recycled PP to 1029 kg/m³ for a 20% calcium carbonate blend. The total deformation analysis of both recycled and virgin PVC further supports our findings, revealing higher deformation in recycled PVC, which indicates its superior ductility. Additionally, this study examined the effects of aramid short fibers and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) additives on recycled polyamide-12 (PA-12). The inclusion of TPU decreased the modulus while increasing tensile strain and energy at break, whereas aramid fibers increased the modulus. Deformation analysis revealed significant strain concentrations in the central sections of these specimens, underscoring the impact of these additives on mechanical behavior. For example, PA-12 with 20% TPU exhibited higher maximum deformation, reflecting its enhanced tensile properties. Moreover, our deformation studies on Poly Butylene terephthalate with 0% HDPE and a blend containing 10% HDPE demonstrated the influence of HDPE content on elastic strain distribution and total deformation. The findings showed that the central region experiences substantial elastic deformation, which is critical for understanding stress distribution in these materials. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| id | anni_e944cb8d63e087ba618fa6ec598f55ad |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.36561/ING.29.6 |
| instacron_str | Universidad de Montevideo |
| institution | Universidad de Montevideo |
| instname_str | Universidad de Montevideo |
| language | eng |
| network_acronym_str | anni |
| network_name_str | oai-lr-anni |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:redum.um.edu.uy:20.500.12806/2784 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Universidad de Montevideo |
| reponame_str | REDUM |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Atribución 4.0 Internacional |
| spelling | Investigating Tensile & Impact Properties of Recycled Polypropylene, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyamide & PolyethyleneInvestigación de las propiedades de tracción e impacto del polipropileno, cloruro de polivinilo, poliamida y polietileno recicladosInvestigação das propriedades de tração e impacto de polipropileno, cloreto de polivinila, poliamida e polietileno recicladosAbbas Jafri , EyliaShazad , AtifAsif , IfrahAhmed Hashmi , ArqamNadeem Abdullah, UmerSostenibilidad ambientalTermoplásticosElastómerosComportamiento mecánicoConservación de recursosAplicaciones tecnológicasEnvironmental sustainabilityThermoplasticsMechanical BehaviorsElastomersResource ConservationTechnological applicationsSustentabilidade ambientalTermoplásticosElastômerosComportamento mecânicoConservação de recursosAplicações tecnológicasAlthough Pakistan has an abundance of natural resources, it also faces a significant challenge with plastic waste, producing 3.3 million tons annually. This environmental issue demands immediate action, especially due to the increased demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) during the pandemic. Our research aims to make thermoplastics more environmentally friendly by focusing on the properties of recycled polypropylene (PP) enhanced with elastomers and calcium carbonate. Despite a modest loss in tensile properties and impact strength, recycled PP retains key characteristics. Adding calcium carbonate notably increases density, from 908 kg/m³ for stabilized recycled PP to 1029 kg/m³ for a 20% calcium carbonate blend. The total deformation analysis of both recycled and virgin PVC further supports our findings, revealing higher deformation in recycled PVC, which indicates its superior ductility. Additionally, this study examined the effects of aramid short fibers and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) additives on recycled polyamide-12 (PA-12). The inclusion of TPU decreased the modulus while increasing tensile strain and energy at break, whereas aramid fibers increased the modulus. Deformation analysis revealed significant strain concentrations in the central sections of these specimens, underscoring the impact of these additives on mechanical behavior. For example, PA-12 with 20% TPU exhibited higher maximum deformation, reflecting its enhanced tensile properties. Moreover, our deformation studies on Poly Butylene terephthalate with 0% HDPE and a blend containing 10% HDPE demonstrated the influence of HDPE content on elastic strain distribution and total deformation. The findings showed that the central region experiences substantial elastic deformation, which is critical for understanding stress distribution in these materials.Aunque Pakistán cuenta con abundantes recursos naturales, también enfrenta un importante desafío con los residuos plásticos, generando 3,3 millones de toneladas anuales. Este problema ambiental exige medidas inmediatas, especialmente debido al aumento de la demanda de equipos de protección personal (EPP) durante la pandemia. Nuestra investigación busca lograr que los termoplásticos sean más ecológicos, centrándonos en las propiedades del polipropileno (PP) reciclado mejorado con elastómeros y carbonato de calcio. A pesar de una ligera disminución en las propiedades de tracción y resistencia al impacto, el PP reciclado conserva características clave. La adición de carbonato de calcio aumenta notablemente la densidad, de 908 kg/m³ para el PP reciclado estabilizado a 1029 kg/m³ para una mezcla con un 20 % de carbonato de calcio. El análisis de deformación total del PVC reciclado y virgen respalda aún más nuestros hallazgos, revelando una mayor deformación en el PVC reciclado, lo que indica su mayor ductilidad. Además, este estudio examinó los efectos de las fibras cortas de aramida y los aditivos de poliuretano termoplástico (TPU) en la poliamida-12 (PA-12) reciclada. La inclusión de TPU disminuyó el módulo, pero aumentó la deformación por tracción y la energía de rotura, mientras que las fibras de aramida incrementaron el módulo. El análisis de deformación reveló concentraciones significativas de deformación en las secciones centrales de estas muestras, lo que subraya el impacto de estos aditivos en el comportamiento mecánico. Por ejemplo, el PA-12 con un 20 % de TPU presentó una mayor deformación máxima, lo que refleja sus mejores propiedades de tracción. Además, nuestros estudios de deformación en tereftalato de polibutileno con un 0 % de HDPE y una mezcla con un 10 % de HDPE demostraron la influencia del contenido de HDPE en la distribución de la deformación elástica y la deformación total. Los resultados mostraron que la región central experimenta una deformación elástica sustancial, lo cual es fundamental para comprender la distribución de tensiones en estos materiales.Embora o Paquistão possua abundância de recursos naturais, também enfrenta um desafio significativo com o lixo plástico, produzindo 3,3 milhões de toneladas anualmente. Essa questão ambiental exige ação imediata, especialmente devido ao aumento da demanda por equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI) durante a pandemia. Nossa pesquisa visa tornar os termoplásticos mais ecológicos, concentrando-se nas propriedades do polipropileno (PP) reciclado, aprimorado com elastômeros e carbonato de cálcio. Apesar de uma pequena perda nas propriedades de tração e resistência ao impacto, o PP reciclado mantém características importantes. A adição de carbonato de cálcio aumenta notavelmente a densidade, de 908 kg/m³ para o PP reciclado estabilizado para 1029 kg/m³ para uma mistura com 20% de carbonato de cálcio. A análise da deformação total do PVC reciclado e do PVC virgem corrobora nossos resultados, revelando maior deformação no PVC reciclado, o que indica sua ductilidade superior. Além disso, este estudo examinou os efeitos de fibras curtas de aramida e aditivos de poliuretano termoplástico (TPU) na poliamida-12 (PA-12) reciclada. A inclusão de TPU diminuiu o módulo de elasticidade, ao mesmo tempo que aumentou a deformação por tração e a energia de ruptura, enquanto as fibras de aramida aumentaram o módulo. A análise de deformação revelou concentrações significativas de deformação nas seções centrais dessas amostras, ressaltando o impacto desses aditivos no comportamento mecânico. Por exemplo, o PA-12 com 20% de TPU apresentou maior deformação máxima, refletindo suas propriedades de tração aprimoradas. Além disso, nossos estudos de deformação em poli(tereftalato de butileno) com 0% de HDPE e em uma mistura contendo 10% de HDPE demonstraram a influência do teor de HDPE na distribuição da deformação elástica e na deformação total. Os resultados mostraram que a região central sofre deformação elástica substancial, o que é crucial para a compreensão da distribuição de tensões nesses materiais.Universidad de Montevideo2025-12-092025-12-22T22:50:54Z2025-12-22T22:50:54Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPeer reviewed articlesArtículos evaluados por paresArtigos revistos por parespublishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdftext/htmlhttp://revistas.um.edu.uy/index.php/ingenieria/article/view/172810.36561/ING.29.6https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12806/2784Memoria Investigaciones en Ingeniería; No. 29 (2025); 74-94Memoria Investigaciones en Ingeniería; Núm. 29 (2025); 74-94Memoria Investigaciones en Ingenieria; n. 29 (2025); 74-942301-11062301-109210.36561/ING.29reponame:REDUMinstname:Universidad de Montevideoinstacron:Universidad de Montevideoenghttp://revistas.um.edu.uy/index.php/ingenieria/article/view/1728/2038http://revistas.um.edu.uy/index.php/ingenieria/article/view/1728/2039Derechos de autor 2025 Eylia Abbas Jafri , Atif Shazad , Ifrah Asif , Arqam Ahmed Hashmi , Umer Nadeem Abdullahhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución 4.0 Internacionaloai:redum.um.edu.uy:20.500.12806/27842026-06-16T07:04:25Z |
| spellingShingle | Investigating Tensile & Impact Properties of Recycled Polypropylene, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyamide & Polyethylene Abbas Jafri , Eylia Sostenibilidad ambiental Termoplásticos Elastómeros Comportamiento mecánico Conservación de recursos Aplicaciones tecnológicas Environmental sustainability Thermoplastics Mechanical Behaviors Elastomers Resource Conservation Technological applications Sustentabilidade ambiental Termoplásticos Elastômeros Comportamento mecânico Conservação de recursos Aplicações tecnológicas |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Investigating Tensile & Impact Properties of Recycled Polypropylene, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyamide & Polyethylene |
| title_full | Investigating Tensile & Impact Properties of Recycled Polypropylene, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyamide & Polyethylene |
| title_fullStr | Investigating Tensile & Impact Properties of Recycled Polypropylene, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyamide & Polyethylene |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating Tensile & Impact Properties of Recycled Polypropylene, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyamide & Polyethylene |
| title_short | Investigating Tensile & Impact Properties of Recycled Polypropylene, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyamide & Polyethylene |
| title_sort | Investigating Tensile & Impact Properties of Recycled Polypropylene, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyamide & Polyethylene |
| topic | Sostenibilidad ambiental Termoplásticos Elastómeros Comportamiento mecánico Conservación de recursos Aplicaciones tecnológicas Environmental sustainability Thermoplastics Mechanical Behaviors Elastomers Resource Conservation Technological applications Sustentabilidade ambiental Termoplásticos Elastômeros Comportamento mecânico Conservação de recursos Aplicações tecnológicas |
| url | http://revistas.um.edu.uy/index.php/ingenieria/article/view/1728 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12806/2784 |