Caffeine, a common active adulterant of cocaine, enhances the reinforcing effect of cocaine and its motivational value
Rationale. Caffeine is one of the psychoactive substances most widely used as an adulterant in illicit drugs, such as cocaine. Animal studies have demonstrated that caffeine is able to potentiate several cocaine actions, although the enhancement of the cocaine reinforcing property by caffeine is les...
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| Format: | article |
| Language: | English |
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2016
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12381/203 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-016-4320-z |
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| _version_ | 1868890221397934080 |
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| author | Prieto, José P. |
| author2 | Scorza, Cecilia Serra, Gian Pietro Perra, Valentina Galvalisi, Martín Abín-Carriquiry, Juan A. Piras, Giovanna Valentini, Valentina |
| author2_role | author author author author author author author |
| author_browse | Abín-Carriquiry, Juan A. Galvalisi, Martín Perra, Valentina Piras, Giovanna Prieto, José P. Scorza, Cecilia Serra, Gian Pietro Valentini, Valentina |
| author_facet | Prieto, José P. Scorza, Cecilia Serra, Gian Pietro Perra, Valentina Galvalisi, Martín Abín-Carriquiry, Juan A. Piras, Giovanna Valentini, Valentina |
| author_role | author |
| collection | IIBCE en REDI |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Prieto, José P. Scorza, Cecilia Serra, Gian Pietro Perra, Valentina Galvalisi, Martín Abín-Carriquiry, Juan A. Piras, Giovanna Valentini, Valentina |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2016 2019-11-08T18:33:26Z 2019-11-08T18:33:26Z |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12381/203 FCE_3_2013_1_100466 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-016-4320-z |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv | eng |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Springer |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | Acceso abierto info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional. (CC BY-NC-SA) |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv | Psychopharmacology. 2016; 233(15-16): 2879-2889 reponame:IIBCE en REDI instname:Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable instacron:Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Reinforcement Motivation Addiction Cocaine Caffeine Self-administration Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud Medicina Básica Neurociencias |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Caffeine, a common active adulterant of cocaine, enhances the reinforcing effect of cocaine and its motivational value |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | Artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article Aceptado info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
| description | Rationale. Caffeine is one of the psychoactive substances most widely used as an adulterant in illicit drugs, such as cocaine. Animal studies have demonstrated that caffeine is able to potentiate several cocaine actions, although the enhancement of the cocaine reinforcing property by caffeine is less reported, and the results depend on the paradigms and experimental protocols used. Objectives. We examined the ability of caffeine to enhance the motivational and rewarding properties of cocaine using an intravenous self-administration paradigm in rats. Additionally, the role of caffeine as a primer cue during extinction was evaluated. Methods. In naïve rats, we assessed (1) the ability of the cocaine (0.250–0.125 mg/kg/infusion) and caffeine (0.125–0.0625 mg/kg/infusion) combination to maintain selfadministration in fixed ratio (FR) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement compared with cocaine or caffeine alone and (2) the effect of caffeine (0.0625 mg/kg/infusion) in the maintenance of responding in the animals exposed to the combination of the drugs during cocaine extinction. Results. Cocaine combined with caffeine and cocaine alone was self-administered on FR and PR schedules of reinforcement. Interestingly, the breaking point determined for the cocaine + caffeine group was significantly higher than the cocaine group. Moreover, caffeine, that by itself did not maintain self-administration behavior in naïve rats, maintained drug-seeking behavior of rats previously exposed to combinations of cocaine + caffeine. Conclusions. Caffeine enhances the reinforcing effects of cocaine and its motivational value. Our results highlight the role of active adulterants commonly used in cocaine-based illicit street drugs. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| id | anni_e894eaa8c9e282e1358b124f09ebfe3d |
| identifier_str_mv | FCE_3_2013_1_100466 |
| instacron_str | Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable |
| institution | Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable |
| instname_str | Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable |
| language | eng |
| network_acronym_str | anni |
| network_name_str | oai-lr-anni |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:redi.anii.org.uy:20.500.12381/203 |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publishDateSort | 2016 |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Springer |
| reponame_str | IIBCE en REDI |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | Acceso abierto Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional. (CC BY-NC-SA) |
| spelling | Caffeine, a common active adulterant of cocaine, enhances the reinforcing effect of cocaine and its motivational valuePrieto, José P.Scorza, CeciliaSerra, Gian PietroPerra, ValentinaGalvalisi, MartínAbín-Carriquiry, Juan A.Piras, GiovannaValentini, ValentinaReinforcementMotivationAddictionCocaineCaffeineSelf-administrationCiencias Médicas y de la SaludMedicina BásicaNeurocienciasRationale. Caffeine is one of the psychoactive substances most widely used as an adulterant in illicit drugs, such as cocaine. Animal studies have demonstrated that caffeine is able to potentiate several cocaine actions, although the enhancement of the cocaine reinforcing property by caffeine is less reported, and the results depend on the paradigms and experimental protocols used. Objectives. We examined the ability of caffeine to enhance the motivational and rewarding properties of cocaine using an intravenous self-administration paradigm in rats. Additionally, the role of caffeine as a primer cue during extinction was evaluated. Methods. In naïve rats, we assessed (1) the ability of the cocaine (0.250–0.125 mg/kg/infusion) and caffeine (0.125–0.0625 mg/kg/infusion) combination to maintain selfadministration in fixed ratio (FR) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement compared with cocaine or caffeine alone and (2) the effect of caffeine (0.0625 mg/kg/infusion) in the maintenance of responding in the animals exposed to the combination of the drugs during cocaine extinction. Results. Cocaine combined with caffeine and cocaine alone was self-administered on FR and PR schedules of reinforcement. Interestingly, the breaking point determined for the cocaine + caffeine group was significantly higher than the cocaine group. Moreover, caffeine, that by itself did not maintain self-administration behavior in naïve rats, maintained drug-seeking behavior of rats previously exposed to combinations of cocaine + caffeine. Conclusions. Caffeine enhances the reinforcing effects of cocaine and its motivational value. Our results highlight the role of active adulterants commonly used in cocaine-based illicit street drugs.Agencia Nacional de Investigación e InnovaciónUniversity of Cagliari and Fondazione Banco di SardegnaGrant FCE 3/2013/1/ 100466, Smoked Cocaine in South Cone Countries Grant CICADOEA/ USINLSpringer2019-11-08T18:33:26Z2019-11-08T18:33:26Z2016Artículoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleAceptadoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12381/203FCE_3_2013_1_100466http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-016-4320-zPsychopharmacology. 2016; 233(15-16): 2879-2889reponame:IIBCE en REDIinstname:Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estableinstacron:Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente EstableengAcceso abiertoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessReconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional. (CC BY-NC-SA)oai:redi.anii.org.uy:20.500.12381/2032026-06-16T05:25:35Z |
| spellingShingle | Caffeine, a common active adulterant of cocaine, enhances the reinforcing effect of cocaine and its motivational value Prieto, José P. Reinforcement Motivation Addiction Cocaine Caffeine Self-administration Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud Medicina Básica Neurociencias |
| status_str | acceptedVersion |
| title | Caffeine, a common active adulterant of cocaine, enhances the reinforcing effect of cocaine and its motivational value |
| title_full | Caffeine, a common active adulterant of cocaine, enhances the reinforcing effect of cocaine and its motivational value |
| title_fullStr | Caffeine, a common active adulterant of cocaine, enhances the reinforcing effect of cocaine and its motivational value |
| title_full_unstemmed | Caffeine, a common active adulterant of cocaine, enhances the reinforcing effect of cocaine and its motivational value |
| title_short | Caffeine, a common active adulterant of cocaine, enhances the reinforcing effect of cocaine and its motivational value |
| title_sort | Caffeine, a common active adulterant of cocaine, enhances the reinforcing effect of cocaine and its motivational value |
| topic | Reinforcement Motivation Addiction Cocaine Caffeine Self-administration Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud Medicina Básica Neurociencias |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12381/203 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-016-4320-z |